Cov ntaub ntawv uas cov hlau nplaum muaj zog tuaj yeem nyiam yog ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, lossis diamagnetic. Cov kev faib tawm no yog siv los piav qhia txog qib uas cov khoom tuaj yeem nyiam rau cov hlau nplaum.
1. Cov ntaub ntawv Ferromagnetic
Cov khoom siv Ferromagnetic: Gadolinium, Hlau, Cobalt, thiab Nickel
Cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic (muaj cov ntsiab lus hlau, npib tsib xee, cobalt, los yog gadolinium) nyiam cov hlau nplaum.
Cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic yog li cais vim tias lawv cov atoms muaj qib siab ntawm cov hlau nplaum vim tias lawv cov electrons raug teeb tsa. Electrons tau yooj yim ua raws li tib txoj kev sib nqus, ua rau lawv nyiam cov hlau nplaum.
Feem ntau cov stainless hlau ntau yam yog cais raws li ferromagnetic, tab sis tsis yog txhua txhua yog ferromagnetic, piv txwv li, austenitic stainless hlau yog ib hom tsis sib nqus stainless hlau.
Txawm hais tias stainless hlau raug cais raws li ferromagnetic nyob ntawm cov hlau nws yog tsim los ntawm, vim qee cov alloys muaj cov nickel siab, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov hlau nplaum.
2. Paramagnetic cov ntaub ntawv
Vim hais tias paramagnetic hlau muaj tsawg tsawg ntawm electrons nyob rau hauv tib lub magnetic kev taw qhia, lawv attraction rau hlau nplaum yog tsis muaj zog heev. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlau no tsis muaj zog txaus los tsim lawv tus kheej cov hlau nplaum.
Nyob rau hauv sib piv, lawv yog hais txog ib lab lub sij hawm tsis muaj zog tshaj ferromagnetic cov ntaub ntawv, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv magnetic teb tsuas yog ntsuas nrog rhiab heev instruments, xws li magnetometers.
Piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic yog txhuas, uranium thiab platinum.
3. Antimagnetic cov ntaub ntawv
Cov ntaub ntawv diamagnetic yog cov hlau uas tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv cov hlau nplaum thaum muab tso rau ze ntawm cov hlau nplaum muaj zog. Lawv lawv tus kheej tsim cov hlau nplaum me me nrog cov ncej sib txawv, ua rau ob qhov sib nqus sib nqus sib nqus.
Cov hlau xws li bismuth thiab carbon graphite yog cov khoom siv diamagnetic.
4. Cov khoom tsis sib nqus
Cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib nqus yog cov uas muaj atoms uas tsis tuaj yeem ua cov hlau nplaum, txawm tias lawv raug cov hlau nplaum ntau npaum li cas. Piv txwv li, ntoo, yas thiab iav yog cov khoom tsis sib nqus.